A series of critical security flaws have been uncovered in Azure Kubernetes Services (AKS) that could potentially allow attackers to escalate privileges and gain unauthorized access to sensitive cluster data.
TLS Bootstrap Attack
Mandiant researchers discovered a vulnerability that could allow an attacker with command execution within an AKS pod to extract TLS bootstrap tokens. These tokens can be leveraged to perform a TLS bootstrap attack, granting the attacker the ability to read all secrets within the cluster. This issue affects AKS clusters using "Azure CNI" for network configuration and "Azure" for network policy. Microsoft has since addressed this vulnerability.
Ingress-Nginx Controller Flaw
A separate high-severity vulnerability (CVE-2024-7646) has been identified in the ingress-nginx controller. This flaw allows attackers to inject malicious content into certain annotations, bypassing validation checks and potentially leading to arbitrary command injection and access to the controller's credentials.
Git-Sync Project Design Flaw
A design flaw in the Kubernetes git-sync project poses a risk to clusters running on EKS, AKS, GKE, and Linode. This vulnerability could allow attackers to exfiltrate files or execute commands with git_sync user privileges by simply applying a YAML file to the cluster.
Mitigations
To protect against these vulnerabilities, organizations should:
Implement strict network policies: Restricting network access to essential services can help prevent lateral movement within the cluster.
Keep software up-to-date: Apply patches and updates promptly to address known vulnerabilities.
Regularly review and audit Kubernetes configurations: Identify and remediate misconfigurations that could increase the attack surface.
Implement robust access controls: Limit user permissions to only what is necessary.
Monitor for suspicious activity: Use security tools to detect and respond to potential threats.
These recent discoveries underscore the importance of maintaining a strong security posture for Kubernetes environments. By following best practices and staying informed about emerging threats, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of successful attacks.
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